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Quoting, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing

Why?

Why you would summarize:

  • You want to use your own words to express main points/ ideas from the original text
  • You want to provide a general overview of the original text

Example:

Original- The use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) has become intensely controversial since their introduction to the US in 2007 [1-7]. E-cigarettes might help the 40 million current adult cigarette smokers quit-the vast majority of whom want to stop smoking completely-by delivering nicotine with the same sensory experience as combustible, or traditional, cigarettes but without inhalation of as many toxicants [8-12]. Conversely, e-cigarettes might facilitate the transition to traditional cigarette smoking among never-smoking adolescents and young adults [13-21].

Summary in paper- The controversy surrounding the use of e-cigarettes is that while it may help some people quit conventional cigarette smoking, it may entice some underage people to start using e-cigarettes.


APA

In-text citation:

Format for an article-

(Author, year)

Example-

The controversy surrounding the use of e-cigarettes is that while it may help some people quit conventional cigarette smoking,

it may entice some underage people to start using e-cigarettes (Soneji et al., 2018).

Full citation (in References page):

Format for an article-

Author(s). (Year). Title of article. Journal Title, volume number(issue number), page numbers. doi number or URL link 

Example-

Soneji, S. S., Sung, H.-Y., Primack, B. A., Pierce, J. P., & Sargent, J. D. (2018). Quantifying population-level health benefits and harms of

e-cigarette use in the United States. PLoS ONE, 13(3), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0193328


MLA

In-text citation:

Format for an article-

(Author page number)

Example-

The controversy surrounding the use of e-cigarettes is that while it may help some people quit conventional cigarette

smoking, it may entice some underage people to start using e-cigarettes (Soneji et al. e0193328).

Full citation (in Works Cited page):

Format for an article-

Author(s). "Title of Article." Title of Journal, Volume, Issue, year, pages.

Example-

Soneji, Samir S., et al. "Quantifying Population-Level Health Benefits and Harms of E-cigarette Use in the United States." PLoS ONE, vol.

13, no. 3, 2018, p. e0193328.