NUR 1310 - Resources for Pediatric Nursing: Neurological Disorders

Meningitis is a disease caused by the inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord known as the meninges. The inflammation is usually caused by an infection of the fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord.

Seizures are symptoms of a brain problem. They happen because of sudden, abnormal electrical activity in the brain. When people think of seizures, they often think of convulsions in which a person's body shakes rapidly and uncontrollably.

Hydrocephalus is the buildup of too much cerebrospinal fluid in the brain. Normally, this fluid cushions your brain. When you have too much, though, it puts harmful pressure on your brain. Hydrocephalus can be congenital, or present at birth. Causes include genetic problems and problems with how the fetus develops. An unusually large head is the main sign of congenital hydrocephalus.

Spina bifida is a major birth defect of a person’s spine. With good quality medical care people with spina bifida can reach their full potential. If you have spina bifida, or know someone who does, it’s important to get the facts so that you can make the best possible health care choices.

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a group of disorders that affect a person’s ability to move and maintain balance and posture. CP is the most common motor disability in childhood. CDC estimates that an average of 1 in 323 children in the U.S. have CP.

"Near drowning" means a person almost died from not being able to breathe (suffocating) under water. If a person has been rescued from a near-drowning situation, quick first aid and medical attention are very important.