Formative Assessment
From The Greenwood Dictionary of Education:
Assessments that are administered before teaching a topic or skill to determine students’ abilities or prior knowledge. Use of formative assessment allows teachers to target lessons to the areas in which students need to improve, and focus less on areas in which they have already demonstrated mastery. It is typically used in classrooms prior to end-of-course assessments.
"Formative Assessment." The Greenwood Dictionary of Education. Ed. John W. Collins, III and Nancy Patricia O'Brien. 2nd ed. Santa Barbara, CA: Greenwood, 2011. 188. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 17 Nov. 2015.